HomeMy WebLinkAbout4027_CCv0001.pdf RESOLUTION NO. 4027
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF REDLANDS URGING THE SOUTH
COAST AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT DISTRICT BOARD TO ADOPT REGULATION 6 WHICH
REQUIRES MAJOR EMPLOYERS IN THE SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN TO OFFER RIDESHARING
INCENTIVES TO THEIR EMPLOYEES
WHEREAS, the South Coast Air Basin suffers from the most severe air pollution
problems in the United States; and
WHEREAS, air pollution causes significant health and economic costs to our
society; and
WHEREAS, more than 50 percent of the Basin's air contaminants come from motor
vehicles; and
WHEREAS, we are currently moving through a critical period in which the prob-
lems of air pollution, fuel costs and traffic congestion require us to re-evaluate
our driving habits; and
WHEREAS, improved traffic flow and actual vehicular reductions can cause a
measurable effect on air quality; and
WHEREAS, ridesharing is one of the most effective means to achieve actual
vehicular reductions; and
WHEREAS, ridesharing enables individuals to reduce gas consumption, avoid
traffic congestion, help reduce air pollution, and save from $500.00 to $2 ,000.00
annually in commuting costs; and
WHEREAS, ridesharing allows employers to benefit from measurable increases
in employee productivity due to less absenteeism and lateness; and
WHEREAS, demand for costly parking facilities and employee parking subsidies
are reduced when sufficient numbers of people share rides to work; and
WHEREAS, without ridesharing measures, future air pollution controls necessary
to comply with the federal Clean Air Act will be imposed exclusively on large and
small industrial stationary sources; and
WHEREAS, Regulation 6 is a newly proposed regulation now under consideration
by the South Coast Air Quality Management District which requires major employers
in the South Coast Air Basin to offer ridesharing incentives to their employees;
and
WHEREAS, the City of Redlands recognizes the need for Regulation 6 in order
to ease traffic congestion and improve air quality;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Redlands
hereby supports the concept of Regulation 6, and urges the Sout'� Coast Air Quality
:Management District Board to adopt this Regulation.
ADOPTED, SIGNED AND APPROVED this 15th day of January, 1985.
ATTEST:
Mayor of the City of Redlands
City Clerk �'
COMMUNICATIONS (Continued)
The Coalition for Clean Air is encouraging a resolution be
adopted showing Council's support for car pooling. By
consensus a resolution will be drafted for future action.
UNFINISHED BUSINESS
Ordinance No. 1856, an ordinance amending Ordinance No. 1000
by adopting Amendment No. 169 relating to Landscaping,
Fences and Walls, and Solar Collector and Storage Tank
Ordinance Installation, was given its second reading of the title by City
No. 1856 Clerk Poyzer, and on motion of Councilman Martinez, seconded
by Councilman Larsen, further reading of the ordinance was
Solar unanimously waived. Ordinance No. 1856, an ordinance of the
Collectors City of Redlands adopting Amendment No. 169 to Ordinance
No. 1000, was adopted on motion of Councilman Larsen,
seconded by Councilman Martinez, by the following vote:
AYES: Councilmembers DeMirjyn, Martinez, Larsen;
Mayor Beswick
NOES: Councilman Johnson
ABSENT: None
Mr. Doug Ayres, president of Management Services Institute,
thanked the City staff for their assistance in the preparation
of a cost control system report. He briefly reviewed his report
Cost and suggested that study sessions be scheduled for a more
Control indepth approach. Councilman Johnson noted the record should
System reflect receipt, but not acceptance, of this report and that it
Report should be referred to staff for scheduling a workshop at which
time Mr. Ayres had better be ready to defend his
recommendations as support was absent in the report.
Councilman Martinez expressed a desire to meet with Mr. Ayres
on an individual basis. Councilman Larsen thought this report
could be used as a tool for a guide and suggested the Finance
Committee look at it before scheduling a workshop.
NEW BUSINESS
Public Works Director Donnelly presented Ordinance No. 1859,
an ordinance of the City Council amending Chapter 67 of the
Redlands Ordinance Code by adding Article 690 relating to
Interstate Trucks. Mr. Donnelly explained that the 1982
Ordinance Federal Surface Transportation Assistance Act required states
No. 1859 to allow larger trucks on a system of highways to be
designated by the Secretary of Transportation, and to allow
Interstate reasonable access off this designated system to terminals and
Trucks services. Assembly Bill 866 is the State legislation implementing
the truck size provisions of the Federal Surface Transportation
Act and deals with access to the Federally designated system
by the interstate trucks. Caltrans and the affected local
agencies have the responsibility to determine access routes
from the designated system to services and terminals. Although
December 18, 1984
Page nine -
COAUTION FOR CLEAN AIR
309 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 312
Santa Monica, CA 90401 (213) 451-0651
28
December 19, 1984
City Clerk ' s Office
City of Redlands
P.O. Box 280
Redlands, CA 92373
Dear City Clerk:
Enclosed is the sampie resolution for Regulation 6
that you requested.
Coalition For Clean lair
ReITI@ bef?
w%14 ~�
ti
a +_
WHEREAS, the South Coast Air Basin suffers from the
most severe air pollution problems in the United States ; and
WHEREAS, air pollution causes significant health and
economic costs to our society ; and
WHEREAS, more than 50% of the Basin' s air
contaminants come from motor vehicles ; and
WHEREAS, we are currently moving through a critical
period in which the problems of air pollution , fuel costs
and traffic congestion require us to re—evaluate our driving
habits ; and
WHEREAS; improved traffic flow and actual vehicular
reductions can cause a measurable effect on air quality ; and
WHEREAS, ridesharing is one of the most effective
means to achieve actual vehicular reductions ; and
WHEREAS, ridesharing enables individuals to reduce
gas consumption, avoid traffic congestion, help reduce air
pollution, and save from $500 to $2, 000 annually in
commuting costs ; and
WHEREAS , ridesharing allows employers to benefit
from measurable increases in employee productivity due to
less absenteeism and lateness ; and
WHEREAS, demand for costly parking facilities and
employee parking subsidies are reduced when sufficient
numbers of people share rides to work; and
WHEREAS , ..without ridesharing measures , future air
pollution controls necessary to comply with the federal
Clean Air Act will be imposed exclusively on large and small
industrial stationary sources ; and
WHEREAS, Regulation 6 is a newly proposed regulation
now under consideration by the South Coast Air Quality
Management District which requires major employers in the
South Coast Air Basin to offer ridesharing incentives to
their employees ; and
WHEREAS , the City of recognizes
the need for Regulation 6 in order to ease traffic
congestion and improve air quality :
NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City of
hereby supports the concept of
Regulation 6 , and urges the South Coast Air Quality
Management District Board to adopt this Regulation .
COALITION FOR CLEAN AIR XC: Councilmembers
309 Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 212
Santa Monica, CA 90401 (213)451-0651
p 2 H
Mayor Carole Beswick December 14, 19£34
Safety Hall
212 Brookside Ave . , P. O. Box 280
Redlands , CA . 92373
Dear Mayor Beswick ,
Enclosed please find some information on Regulation 6. I
would like to speak with you at your earliest convenience about
this newly proposed regulation being considered by the South
Coast Air Quality Management District ( SCAQMD) . Regulation 6
would require major employers in the South Coast Air Basin to
offer ridesharing incentives to their employees . It offers
corporations complete flexibility in formulating an incentive
plan that will work best for them, and allows employees the
choice of whether or not to rideshare . We realize that many
people cannot rideshare for a variety of reasons . We merely want
to encourage those who can to do so.
Regulation 6 is in the process of being formulated at this
time, and I would appreciate your input as to what you like or
dislike about the regulation , as well as what you would like to
see considered in its formulation . My goal is to rally support
for a regulation that is acceptable to everyone. You may be
interested to know that the Claremont City Council has
unanimously approved a resolution in support of Regulation 6 in
concept , such as the sample resolution you will. find herein.
The enclosed report should give you an idea of how the
concept of Regulation 6 came about . The target figures stated in
the report are not necessarily final , but were merely in the
original draft . Extensive research data now being compiled by
SCAQMD, as well as input from individuals such as yourself will
help us to formulate a final draft which is more sympathetic to
the needs of varying geographic locations within the basin.
I will be in contact with you soon, or please feel free to
contact me at your convenience . I look forward to speaking with
you .
Sincerely ,
Russ Tafoya
Transportation Specialist
�111�f11�f?
low
Controlling Air Pollution Through Indirect Source Strategies:
Regulation 6
Coalition For Clean Air
309 Santa Monica Blvd. , Suite 212
Santa Monica, CA. 90401
(213) 451-0651
The 1984 Olympics left Southern Californians not only
with a bit of history and memories , but a few lessons
learned as well . The Olympics transportation success was no
accident . Extensive research and planning by government
agencies , private companies , and citizens created new hope
for commuters in the L. A . basin, and rightfully so . Flex
hours , ridesharing, and the 4/10 work-week all contributed
to what came as a complete surprise . Despite the influx of
630, 000 visitors , air quality was better than expected , and
traffic congestion was at a minimum .
It is commonly recognized in the South Coast Air Basin
that 55% of the air pollution stems from mobile sources . By
the year 2000, - a mere 16 years hence - 46% will continue
to be from mobile sources . Moreover , the total vehicle
fleet is expanding . In 1976 the Department of Motor
Vehicles reports 6 . 1 million motor vehicles were registered
in the 4-county region of Los Angeles , Orange , Riverside ,
and San Bernardino counties . In 1980 , 6. 9 million vehicles
were counted , a 200,000 per year vehicle increase .
Likewise, vehicle miles traveled in the South Coast Air
Basin are increasing. In 1976 it is estimated that
motorists drove 180 million vehicle miles/day . In 1980 ,
that figure rose to 221 million vehicle miles/day .
The Southern California Association of Governments
(SCAG) , a regional planning association covering five
counties (Los Angeles , Orange , Ventura, Riverside and San
Bernardino) , addresses the issue of vehicular congestion in
its transportation plan . It predicts that within the next
sixteen years , an anticipated 3 . 2 million more people will
be residents of the region, bringing the area ' s population
to 14 . 75 million . If no Olympics-type action is taken ,
related auto congestion will cause a 36% average increase in
commute time and increase the number of congested freeway
miles from the current figure of 190 to 509 , covering fully
one third of the total system. Average commuter speed will
slip from 30 mph ( 1980) to 19mph ( 2000) . Morning peak hour
vehicle-miles-traveled are expected to increase only 27%
while the number of vehicle-hours-traveled will more than
double . The cost for that congestion , considering the
man-hours lost and extra energy consumed , is $48 billion
during the 1980-2000 year period .
Merely building more freeways is not considered a
viable plan due to the extraordinary costs involved , as well
as the utter lack of additional space . Even if many
additional miles of freeway lanes were to be added , there is
no guarantee that the system would not be quickly filled to
capacity , with city streets then serving to bottleneck
freeway access .
1
- The currently planned rapid transit system is
anticipated to help reduce some future congestion , but the
question remains as to how many people will have convenient
access to the system, and how quickly it will be extensive
enough to serve any substantial portion of the population.
Certainly in the long term (40 to 50 years) , this area must
develop a transportation system which will serve the needs
of the regional population . But until that comes about , the
outlook for the current regional system (freeways) is grim,
with a related air pollution burden that must be considered .
The South Coast Air Quality Management District
(SCAQMD) , the agency responsible for local air pollution
control , is considering the last of the short-term
hydrocarbon control measures listed in the Air Quality
Management Plan (AQMP) . These measures are considered the
last of the less expensive, more efficient steps toward
ozone control . Still , the attainment of the ozone standard
cannot be predicted by the year 2000.
Controlling air pollution in itself is a complex,
frustrating task. Ozone , the most serious pollutant we
face , can only be reduced by controlling emissions of
hydrocarbons (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) . In January ,
1984, the SCAQMD considered the first of the NOx control
strategies , with a price tag of almost $8, 000 per ton of NOx
reduction. That rule , like many of the HC controls fell
short of the AQMP predictions . As a result , additional new
control strategies must be considered .
The problem is that the possibilities for NOx
reductions from stationary sources are extremely limited .
According to Jeb Stuart , SCAQMD Executive Officer , after the
refinery boiler and heater controls , the AQMP offers no
additional major reductions for NOx . The only possibility
would be an appeal to revise the settlement between Southern
California Edison and the Air Resources Board , to bring
about still further reductions of NOx from power plants at
an as yet uncalculated cost to that industry .
Critics claim it is patently unfair that the "pound of
fleshy' for clean air be extracted from stationary sources ,
ignoring what might be gained from mobile sources .
The SCAQMD Technical Committee has been exploring the
status of mobile source controls. In 1977 , the District
established a Stage 2 Emergency Episode plan which included
a regulation requiring corporations of 100 or more employees
per shift at any one site to designate a "rideshare
2
coordinator" . This person was to devise an employee
ridesharing plan, and notify employees when second or third
stage alerts were anticipated. Employees could then carpool
or take the bus to work , thus alleviating the pollution
burden of excess vehicles during critically smoggy periods .
These measures were to be enforced by limiting the number of
vehicles admitted to company parking lots .
This rule was considered a failure , as could have been
expected , for various reasons . Rideshare coordinators were ,
by and large , employees hired for other tasks , with no
training in devising ridesharing programs , promoting
ridesharing benefits among employees , or developing
ridesharing incentives on a corporate level . Notices
advising ridesharing were given the afternoon before an
expected alert , often late in the day , allowing little
opportunity for employees to link up with each other . This
was particularly critical as no ridesharing patterns were
encouraged, since second-stage alerts occurred only
sporadically .
Thus , since the employee may not have had enough time
to cope with altenative arrangements (dropping off children
to day care or school , advance grocery shopping , etc . ) the
employee was less likely to be willing to rideshare , seeking
the solution of merely beating other employees to the
company parking lot . Those who did not arrive in time to be
admitted under the "vehicle quota" simply spilled over into
city streets and other business parking facilities , causing
great local distress . As this event occurred only a few
times per year, local agencies and governments were at a
loss to establish street parking controls which may have
been unnecessary on all but the smoggiest days .
In 1982 , the SCAQMD Board amended the Stage 2 Emergency
Episode Plan to its present state . It merely requires
companies of 100 or more employees per shift per site to
submit ridesharing plans to the District , to have emergency
notification equipment in working order and to notify
employees of the need to rideshare the next day . Posting a
sign is considered adequate. Not one vehicle need to be
reduced ! .
Obviously , even fewer people choose to rideshare with
this version of the rule , compared to the prior version .
Moreover , until 1984, the District had allowed the
companies ' ridesharing plans to fall into disrepair . Only
one District employee was assigned to the task of reviewing
the plans of the 3 , 000 -- 4 , 000 companies affected . That
same District employee was responsible for the SCAQMD
employee ridesharing plan, as well .
3
With the advent of the Olympics , there was concern that
increased traffic congestion and energy requirements would
result in high pollution levels . A transportation
specialist was hired for the SCAQMD Planning Department and
systematic review of ridesharing information was undertaken .
All affected firms were notified to update their ridesharing
programs. Still , those ridesharing measures were expected
to be implemented only in anticipation of severe (Stage 2 or
3) pollution alerts . The District has no legal authority
under the Emergency Episode Plan (Regulation 7) to implement
ridesharing for smog conditions other than the emergency
level .
That is not the case, however , if ridesharing
regulations are approached from another perspective. Legal
precedent has been established (NRDC v . EPA, 475 F. 2d 968
D.C. Cir . ( 1973) ) to allow the SCAQMD to require control of
vehicular sources of air pollution as an "indirect source"
of emmisions . This legal authority has been affirmed on the
state level by the California Attorney General (Vol . 56 ,
Ops. Atty . Ge . 531 ( 1973) ) . Consequently , the SCAQMD has
been exploring the possibility of proposing "Regulation 6"
which would require major employers (possibly 700 or more
employees) to offer employees "incentives" to rideshare .
Incentives could include , but are not limited to , carpool
parking subsidies , subsidized bus passes , adjusted work
hours for ridesharers, subsidized vanpools , preferential
parking spaces for carpools , or direct cash payment in lieu
of parking subsidy .
The goal of the regulation is to achieve a specified
minimum vehicle occupancy of commuters to the employment
site . A minimum of 1 . 5 has been proposed as a guideline .
That means 33% of total employees must be included in the
ridesharing plan. Of the 813 major employers which would be
affected by this regulation , some already meet or exceed
those requirements . ARCO, for example , shows 65% of the
affected site employees rideshare . Seiko Corporation claims
a 60% rate .
The commitment of those companies is more than
altruistic . It is claimed that employees saving money
through ridesharing are less pressed to demand higher wages ,
experience less absenteeism, a better on—time record , and an
increased sense of personal relationships with other
employees . Companies can benefit financially in other ways .
A downtown Los Angeles law firm was in the practice of
paying for staff parking , as is typical . When the monthly
parking cost surpassed $100, the firm changed its perquisite
to free bus passes (worth $20 per month) . Today , 100% of
4
the firm' s staff ride the bus at a savings of $80 per month
per employee to the firm. Even if that firm had offered a
direct cash payment of $30 per month and free parking (worth
$100) to carpoolers , two staff members riding in the same
car would have cost the firm a total of $160 per month, at a
savings of $20 per employee , per month. Three employees
riding together would save the company $1320 per year over
three employees commuting separately .
Land developers , too , are seeking alternatives to
expensive parking requirements which sometimes require a
one-to-one ratio of parking space to total building space .
Los Angeles City has responded by establishing a "parking
management ordinance" which would allow new building
projects to construct fewer than the required number of
parking spaces, provided some reliable method of vehicle
reduction ( ridesharing) could be established for the
building ' s occupants . Safeguards in this ordinance are
spelled out and subject to approval as well as enforcement .
Using this ordinance , Prudential Life Insurance Company
of America , Western Headquarters , located in Thousand Oaks ,
saved $800, 000 in reduced construction costs , as it was
allowed to delete 173 parking spaces from the final
construction plans . However , UCLA plans the construction of
another parking structure at a cost of $20 ,000 per parking
space . This amounts to a cost of $150 per month to the
University for a space which is rented to students and
faculty for $ 15 per month !
The question remains as to why anyone would proceed to
build such parking structures when more economical
alternatives exist . Unfortunately , trying something new
does not always come easily . Innovative corporations , such
as ARCO, Hughes , TRW, and Fluor , have been quick to
recognize hard and fast financial and other benefits of
ridesharing . Too many other corporations are slower to
adopt these new methods , and historically , government
agencies have been the slowest of all .
Los Angeles City maintains several downtown surface
parking lots as well as underground parking at City Hall ,
City Hall East , Parker Center , and at the Department of
Water and Power . Three thousand city employees pay $5 per
month to rent a parking space in these facilities - a price
unchanged since 1963 . If L. A . City would offer its
employees $30 per month cash and raise the employee cost of
parking to $35 per month , some employees could continue to
expend the additional $5 per month for parking . But others
would choose to "pocket" the $35 and rideshare .
Preferential parking for carpoolers could offer further
5
incentive for city employees to rideshare .
Los Angeles City could then rent the newly released
parking spaces to non-employees , which in turn , would
generate income for the city to counter-balance the employee
ridesharing cash payments . It would also help alleviate the
severe congestion and parking shortage in the Central City
area . If this effort were successful enough, one or more of
the surface sites could be leased or sold for alternative
private development . Thus , even more income would be
generated for the city .
Many City Council Members are supportive of this
approach, but find themselves hamstrung by a complex and
slow bureaucracy . Timing is an important element as there
is the need to negotiate such benefits with employees at
appropriate contract renewal dates . Should the SCAQMD pass
such a regulation , it would ensure that employers offer such
incentive programs in their negotiotions with employee
groups. It thus could be implemented with a minimum of
stress .
Los Angeles City is not the only government agency
which would benefit from such a regulation. Los Angeles
County is in a similar position , being primarily located in
the Central City area , and being obligated to maintain
several parking structures as well as surface lots. The
federal government , however , does not suffer those problems .
Because national policies discourage free federal employee
parking, those working in the downtown Los Angles area pay
for their own parking spaces . Of those , 40% drive to work
alone, compared to county employees , who enjoy free parking ,
of which 72% drive to work alone . -
How can ridesharing improve air quality? The proposed
Regulation 6 , which would affect 813 major corporations ,
would reduce NOx by 8 . 05 tons per day , CO by 57.33 tons per
day , and HC by 4. 55 tons per day . Additionally , the
Olympics experience has shown that the removal of a small
percentage of peak hour vehicles can result in a major
impact on reducing commuter traffic congestion and the
resultant increased emissions generated by stop-and-go
conditions . According to an SCAQMD study , a 3% peak traffic
volume reduction during the Olympics resulted in one-half
the number of smog alerts which would normally be expected
in the San Bernardino area under comparable meteorological
conditions . However , contributing to the peak traffic
reduction were flexible work hours and some plant closures -
a condition that is unlikely to be duplicated under normal
circumstances .
6
Clearly , not everyone can - or would want to -
rideshare. Many people work irregular hours , live in
inconvenient locations , or need their vehicles during their
work shifts for employment-related tasks . But there is a
moderate range of people who do travel to work on a daily
basis at regular times. Those are prime ridesharing
candidates who must be offered incentives to consider the
alternatives to the single-occupant vehicle .
It has been suggested that strictly voluntary measures
are "the only way to go" . A 1983 study on employee commute
patterns at the area' s major ridesharing agency , Commuter
Computer , effectively refutes this theory . Certainly no
company ' s employees could be more familiar with the benefits
of ridesharing. However , Commuter Computer provided free
parking at a subsidy of $57. 50 per month per space. Only
17% of Commuter Computer ' s employees participated in
ridesharing . When Commuter Computer removed all parking
subsidies for solo-driving employees , 58% of Commuter
Computer ' s employees were ridesharing within four months !
Commuter Computer surveyed the companies they serve
with a variety of questions . In trying to discover the
reasons as to why companies sought Commuter Computer ' s
carpool matching services , the majority responded that they
were doing so because they were required by SCAQMD ' s
Emergency Episode Regulation to develope a ridesharing plan .
Obviously, the combination of stick and carrot is the most
effective approach.
In summary , the benefits to be gained by the
implementation of Regulation 6 are substantial . Current
study results show that the combination of incentives and
regulations will work to increase ridesharing . If we are
ever able to gain control of our traffic congestion/air
pollution problems we must gather support for this new idea
in the widest possible terms .
7
r �
EDITORIAL ; E80-34
"FREE-FLOWING FREEWAYS: A ?ROVE% REALITI"'
Remember those good old days when you could drive
Los Angeles streets and freeways withcut bumper-to-
bumper traffic".
Well, those good old days aren't so far gone, . . .
only about a month. During the Olympic Games, traffic
E D I T O R I A L was amazingly light despite thousands of Southland
visitors. That's because businesses had staggered
work hours and people were car-pooling or riding public
transportation.
With the Summer Games gone, most people fell back
into old habit patterns -- and we again have clogged
freeways and frayed nerves.
Kaec.ry .!,;,,:,., �,�;��r; :,,1.,,,.,,,5 A 1984 update of driving facts and figural has
;:-.bhr .':res: &f._;i ,5rq
•1:F,.e+n?,1 py 7! -lPr.-,,,}.,nr vnd just been issued by the Motor Vehicle Xanufacturers
^,is K •J,n ; y:ur
,r-i qj Association. It 's loaded with charts and statistics.
- .r5 r:;r rr;,ac.;t F: •� r.;
One chart breaks down the transportation Tod_ Ycople
10.3 'A' use to pet to rwork. In California, mcre than two-thirds
E1,!,=",' ?,r •r,r of workers drive alone in their own. cars. _bout 17%
use car pools, and less than 6% use public transportatic
That's only about U more than walk to wor"-c.
Actually,- the figure of two-thirds of the peop;v
driving alone is about average For many states. 3ut
since about one--tenth of all the Nation's cars a-_ in
California, . . .and -ost of them in the south and, . . .
that adds up to those bumper-to-bumper Graffis jams .
If we dant to get back to Tree-Fl-wing free�.ays,
we'd better gec back co car pools, public transoo rcatior
and staggered working :ours_
That 's a lesson we should have Learned erom the
1984 Olympic Games.
I'm Tam 'Ian Aaburg.
The above editorial was telecast on September 5. 5. '7
and 8. L984.